For anyone that thinks "Microsoft loves linux", please read about LiMux
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiMux

https://redd.it/lbp1m8
@r_linux

Beginning Linux Distros?

My friend wants to get into Linux and doesn't know what to start with. What would be a good recommendation for beginner users?

(Also before people say I'm the beginner I use Manjaro Budgie and planning on switching to Arch sometime soon)

https://redd.it/lbrurb
@r_linux

Microsoft repo installed on all Raspberry Pi’s

In a recent update, the Raspberry Pi Foundation installed a Microsoft apt repository on all machines running Raspberry Pi OS (previously known as Raspbian) without the administrator’s knowledge.

Officially it’s because they endorse Microsoft’s IDE (!), but you’ll get it even if you installed from a light image and use your Pi headless without a GUI. This means that every time you do “apt update” on your Pi you are pinging a Microsoft server.

They also install Microsoft’s GPG key used to sign packages from that repository. This can potentially lead to a scenario where an update pulls a dependency from Microsoft’s repo and that package would be automatically trusted by the system.

I switched all my Pi’s to vanilla Debian but there are other alternatives too. Check the /etc/apt/sources.list.d and /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d folders of your Pi’s and decide for yourself.

https://redd.it/lbu0t1
@r_linux

ClamAV custom signatures for specific filetypes

Hey all, I'm running ClamAV to scan files uploaded as embedded attachments on my chat server. There aren't any provisions to block specific filetypes, so I'm thinking maybe I can do this with ClamAV, as it'll block malicious files that are attempted to be uploaded. The ClamAV documentation is a bit confusing to me. Does anyone know how I can write a custom filter that will effectively mark anything that's not an image as malicious, so it will be blocked?

TL;DR: Can i use clamav to block all files except images?

https://redd.it/lbusk8
@r_linux

I just created a CPU and RAM monitor

Hi everyone,

This is my first coding project, a cpu and ram monitor for Linux. It uses ncurses C lib to display information and it gathers the information from files on /proc folder using fstream

I know that the coide style, efficency, display style... could be improved, so feel free to let me know what I could change to make it better.

Thanks for reading :)

https://github.com/rocsalvador/pcstats

https://redd.it/lbwrwv
@r_linux

Thinking about switching from Windows to Linux

I’m on the verge of switching from Windows to Linux or possibly be able to switch between the both operating systems each time I boot up my pc between Linux and Windows. Is this possible? Windows has been really messy for me recently and I want to switch between the two operating systems without losing my data or anything on the same computer

https://redd.it/lbw227
@r_linux

OpenVehicleDiag 0.2 - A cross platform open source car diagnostics suite built in rust - Including porting the J2534 adapter API to Linux/OSX and parsing Daimler CBF files to JSON

So this is my final year project for University this year, and has been a massive WIP for the past 9 months.

Now, I know there are some open source diagnostic software suites out there that work on Linux, however they are focused on the ELM327 adapter and OBD2, where as this is focused more on the more advanced diagnostics, essentially building a utility which could have feature parity to OEM diagnostics software such as Daimler's Veidmao/Xentry/Das or VW VAG software.

Currently, OpenVehicleDiag (OVD) tries to accomplish 3 main goals:

1. Open source more complex car diagnostics protocol such as KWP2000 and UDS
2. Creating an open source, cross-platform diagnostic adapter by unofficially porting the J2534 Passthru API to Linux and OSX
3. Converting OEM binary data files which store diagnostic data to a common JSON format.

The J2534 adapter code can be viewed [here](https://github.com/rnd-ash/MacchinaM2-J2534-Rust/), and is designed for the Macchina M2 open source OBD-II adapter.

## Reasoning behind this

I've been noticing for a long time how generic OBD scan tools can only touch the engines ECU and not run any advanced diagnostic commands on more control units in a car. This came to bite me in March last year when I did some work to my cars transmission (W203 Mercedes C Class), and it threw an error code. I had to use an Arduino to write custom CAN Frames to the TCM module to clear them, which took ages, as my local Mercedes dealer was charging me £100 just to clear the error code. This is what inspired me to create a car diagnostic application that is free, open source and can work with a common JSON format, in contrast to OEM's proprietary software which only works with their own files and only their hardware (Or approved hardware).

## Current features

OVD is far from finished, but includes a ton of cool features as it stands:

1. CAN analyzer view to view CAN packets that are visible from the OBD-II port
2. Automated UDS/KWP2000 scanner - Tries to locate ECUs within a vehicle that support the UDS or KWP2000 protocol, which in turn lets you run standard protocol commands on them to do a lot more than a generic scan tool can do
3. Advanced JSON Session - This is demoed in the last video in the playlist linked below, but essentially allows you to define DTC error code denoscriptions and diagnostic functions that can be ran on an ECU and executes them
4. Parsing of CBF files - For demo purposes, I have proved that (3) is possible by de-compiling Daimler's CBF file format and converting it to my open JSON schema, which allows me to run all sorts of cool diagnostic functions on the ECU, such as querying positions and adjustments of components in the engine.
5. J2534 Support - OVD currently works with any diagnostic adapter that uses the J2534 Passthru adapter! - However, for Linux and OSX, you will have to use Macchina's M2 driver linked above as my custom driver is currently the only one that supports Linux and OSX unofficially.

## Future plans

I do plan on continuing this project long into the future as part of my free time, as long as there is a demand to try and keep car diagnostics open rather than letting OEMs capitalize on letting only their expensive software do this kind of diagnostics.

Main features I intend to add within a year:

* SocketCAN Support - Useful for Desk testing of ECUs, and means you could theoretically run this on nothing more than a RPI and CAN shield!
* Decoding more OEM formats - My next goal is to decode Daimler's SMR-D file format and begin looking at VAG's data formats which is used for Scoda, VW and Audi ECUs.

Links:[Youtube playlist showing updates and features](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaBEisuXCd8&list=PLxrw-4Vt7xtty50LmMoLXN2iKiUknbMng&index=4)

[Source code link for both CBF parser and the app](https://github.com/rnd-ash/OpenVehicleDiag/)

https://redd.it/lbxu15
@r_linux

A Memory Safe TLS Module for the Apache HTTP Server
https://www.abetterinternet.org/post/memory-safe-tls-apache/

https://redd.it/lbo5lg
@r_linux

Is there a way to dual boot Windows 10 and Linux without the storage drives showing for the other OS?

I want to dual boot Windows 10 for gaming and Linux for everything else, but I don't want my disk volumes showing on either OS.

I have 3 volumes on Windows 10 and 1 volume for Linux, however, I don't want the 3 volumes to be seen when I use Linux and I don't want the 1 volume for Linux to be seen when I'm using Windows 10.

Is there a way this can be done?

Cheers.

https://redd.it/lc1gxn
@r_linux

My OneNote alternative for Linux

Hi everyone, long time lurker here.

A few years ago, I wanted to switch to Linux as my primary OS, but after finding alternatives to almost every other proprietary app I used without native support, I couldn't find anything that accurately replicated OneNote's structure. I'm not a fan of the fact that the web version of OneNote prevents you from saving notebooks locally (and I also just prefer native software), and although wiki editors like Zim and similar programs are very well made and great for subdividing your workspace like a notebook, they lack OneNote's distinctive "click anywhere to type" feature.

After learning the basics of QT and a lot more development time than I initially planned for, I've been using my program, Spiral, as my primary note-taking app for college since last fall, and I thought I'd share it here in case anyone else happens to be looking for this type of program.

I should note a few things, though.

First and foremost, I don't personally use handwriting tools, so, unfortunately, if you require that in a OneNote alternative, you'll probably want to look elsewhere. That's not to say handwriting support will never be added, just that it's not on my radar right now.

Second, although I haven't lost any data while using Spiral, I would strongly advise that you make frequent backups just in case since the amount of testing I've done is probably not exhaustive of everything that could go wrong in a program like this. (Personally, I use abraunegg's OneDrive client for Linux, so OneDrive's revision history is always there for me in case I need it.)

Since this is mainly just something I've worked on in my free time (and since I'm still relatively new to this type of software development), I really only focused on implementing the features I needed from OneNote, so if there are any super important features I missed, I welcome any and all feedback.

Anyway, if my disclaimers haven't scared you away and you're craving this type of program for Linux as much as I was a year and a half ago, you can download Spiral at http://spiral.augustin.tech.

https://redd.it/lc3si5
@r_linux

OpenAtem: Open source development efforts for Blackmagic Atem video hardware
https://sr.ht/~martijnbraam/OpenAtem/

https://redd.it/lbzq0h
@r_linux

File Block ins stat command

Hello 👋,

Can someone explain what really happens when we choose to compress a file. When I created a file with fallocate 10M the blocks in stat command shows "20480"

I used lzma -a 'file' and compressed the file now the file showed only "8" blocks in the stat command

Now I decompressed the file but the blocks in stat command remains as "8" and it didn't show as previously shown "20480" blocks

Can someone explain this ?

https://redd.it/lc4089
@r_linux

Can I create a "clone" or full back up of the distro that I'm using?

So I have to send my laptop off for a repair. When I do, I know they're gonna reformat it and put slow ass battery draining windows 10 back on. I don't like Windows much. Prefer Linux & Mac OS X way more. So can I create a bootable clone or back up of my entire computer right now? Apps, settings, etc., everything! I would like to pop the USB drive in. Boot up. Start install. And be right back to using this computer like nothing ever happened?

Is this possible? I mean, I feel like it would be a bit like creating a live distro of your own system. BUT! I'm not sure where to begin with that.

As I'm sure that this will be important. My flavorful distro of choosing is Ubuntu Budgie.

Any recommendation is welcome. I'm not necessarily needing anyone to like walk me thru it. Just maybe a little guidance in how I can go about accomplishing this.

Thanks in advance everyone! Even if you can't help. Got a good community here that is pretty helpful. And it's greatly appreciative. Thanks again!

https://redd.it/lc6xe4
@r_linux

Hardware Improvements Coming to elementary OS
https://blog.elementary.io/hardware-improvements-coming-to-elementary-os/

https://redd.it/lc7wi5
@r_linux

Where’s my history.txt file? Ubuntu

Hi all,

So I’ve been working on all day typing commands for s school project and I have to submit the txt file that shows all the command that I typed.
I used the command:

history >> history.txt

The problem is I don’t know where to find that text file. I looked everywhere. Can you help me please?

P.S. I’m using Windows 10

https://redd.it/lc8rgx
@r_linux

Zink (OpenGL on Vulkan) now works on NVIDIA
https://www.supergoodcode.com/mo-cards-mo-problems/

https://redd.it/lbzgmi
@r_linux

How do I create a private network for linux servers on different clouds?

Say I have servers on AWS, digital ocean, and Azure. Is it possible to create a virtual private network between the three servers in a way that is vendor-agnostic and does not have a single-point-of-failure?

I want to do this so I can run some shared services (for example, a log server) using IP-addresses authentication. Otherwise, it seems like I would need to manage certificates and keys for every pair of servers that want to talk to each other.

If it were all on AWS (or DO or Azure) I could use their proprietary 'VPC' service. However, this doesn't work across cloud providers without site-to-site vpn of some sort.

I thought about having an openvpn server and making all servers be openvpn clients. However, this seems to mean that if the openvpn server goes down, the servers cannot talk to each other.

https://redd.it/lcagjg
@r_linux

Looking for help with garuda linux for controllers

I need help trying to get my SN30 Pro controller to work on my Lenovo Thinkpad edge E531 running garuda linux. When I plug it in it will vibrate for a few seconds and the light for player one turns on but no input works. it's like the OS doesn't recognize it as anything is there any way I can fix this? This is Garuda Linux Gamer edition

https://redd.it/lcaznx
@r_linux

My experience with dual booting Linux

Hi. I gotta admit, I don't really like Windows that much anymore. It's a privacy nightmare, it cannot be customized without patches, and it's just generally very closed down.These are the reasons of why I decided to try dual-booting Linux. My distro of choice was Manjaro KDE (running on an i5-4690, GTX 1070, paired with 16GB of DDR3 RAM). I wasn't expecting everything to work out of the box but I certainly didn't expect this many problems. As some people say, for this FOSS operating system you pay with your time, not with your money.

My next week after installing Linux was nothing short of insanity. I decided to compile a list of problems I faced which were never an issue on Windows (most of them I wasn't able to resolve to this day). I don't expect any help, since I know you guys are not here to do tech support. I just want you to see what I was 'greeted by'. Either way, here I go:

General

My system time was completly broken after installing. (Fixed)
The package manager didn't work, I couldn't find any packages or install updates. (Fixed after roughly 5 hours of searching by running these commands twice from the first reply here)
ICC profiles just don't work. (Yes, I have installed the package to import them (colord-kde), and they do import just fine. The issue is that they don't work, even though they are imported.)
The colors are really weird, I cannot describe them accurately, but I'd say everything is alot darker and more vibrant.
I have used NVIDIA X Server Settings to somewhat correct the colors (nothing came close to how it is on Windows), but these changes do not save. In fact they randomly revert back while I am using the OS. If they don't, they will revert back at the next reboot. (Yes, I did run it as sudo, and I disabled that thing everyone suggested - I don't remember it anymore)
Night Light completly breaks any NVIDIA X Server and/or Gamma settings.
Sometimes when shutting down my PC while using Manjaro it turns off almost instantly, other times it might take anywhere from 2 to 10 minutes.
Scrolling is way too inefficient (like 3 times slower than Windows) and quite laggy.
Changing themes in KDE can randomly break the entire UI. Sometimes the taskbar disappears, sometimes the icons never change to what the theme wants them to be.
Sometimes KDE can randomly make everything transparent black until the next reboot.
Fonts look worse than in Windows when in web browsers, but most other places too (a place where this becomes really visible is VSCode).
CSS appears slighly off on all browsers. (I used both Edge and Firefox)
In some cases Linux completly freezes, in the traditional way of freezing. You cannot move your mouse, your inputs won't do anything. This usually doesn't last for more than a minute.
I cannot run any NodeJS apps from my NTFS drive if any directory has non-english characters in it. (this might not be the reason though, the reason I think this is the case is because the error stack trace log shows that directory with strange strings where the non-english characters should be)

Steam

Doesn't work on NTFS by default, no matter what I do. (Yes, I am aware of the fact that NTFS is owned by MS and that it's closed source.) Sometimes it wants to redownload the entire game, other times it just shader caches gigabytes of data.
After mounting it to my home directory with NTFS-3G using fstab and the correct perms, 2 games out of 15 launched. The other ones installed dependencies for 10 minutes, then just never started. (Yes, I have tried Proton GE, it doesn't work either.)
Sometimes games take a really long time to launch even if they work, apparently Steam really loves its preparing to launch dialog.
Proton creates dependency folders separately for every. single. game. It installs them again and again and again even though they are exactly the same. This wastes gigabytes of data, and takes an awfully long time.

Of course, these

problems don't make up the entire list, but the rest might be considered small and easily fixable.

​

I think after seeing this list you might have guessed that I didn't have a pleasant experience at all. I spent hours and hours fixing things, and as I said, for most of them I still don't have a solution. The community was a mixed bag, but that's understandable. Sometimes I got help, sometimes I had messages sitting in Discord support channels for multiple hours without a reply.

​

I wish I could keep using Linux, but in its current state it just doesn't work properly for me. There were some things I really liked but overall currently it feels like I am using some sort of unpolished buggy OS. Funnily enough, if it wasn't for these problems I wouldn't have anything against using Linux as a daily driver. The only other thing that makes me not want to use it is the lack of .NET GUI frameworks compatible with Linux (.NET is what I use for creating desktop apps).

I don't know if this was useful or interesting to anyone, but thanks for reading anyway.

https://redd.it/lbuuq2
@r_linux

My Linux Programs

These are my main programs. Open to Suggestions.

Also the reason why I don't play many games on linux is that, if I have some games on linux I will play them instead of restarting to my windows os (duel boot) and end up not playing the games I like that are only windows. I've tried but its too buggy and doesn't have enough support yet (mainly anti cheat software).

List of programs to Add

~~gnu image manipulation~~
~~more kde utilites~~
~~libreoffice or simliar programs~~
~~draw.io~~

​

UPDATED CHART:

Made in draw.io desktop version

https://redd.it/lbwhtm
@r_linux