Steps to Solve the VNC "Gray Screen" Issue on Ubuntu Systems
https://www.pixelstech.net/article/1748842416-steps-to-solve-the-vnc-%26quot-gray-screen%26quot-issue-on-ubuntu-systems

https://redd.it/1l20ays
@r_linux

I love Linux

I have a old Lenovo Ideapad with a GTX 1050 in it. It had a windows 11 but it was so slow I could barely use it. So I decided to install Zorin OS and made it look like a MacBook OS, now it just feels really great to use, and smooth.


I really wish I could use Linux as my daily drive in my main PC but I do a lot of game dev in unreal engine and many other software (Substance painter, Blender, FMOD, etc…) and when I tried getting them to run some of them on my spare PC it was a disaster. I really love Arch Linux specifically and would love to use it as my daily drive but it’s just unnecessarily hard to get some of the software I use running…

https://redd.it/1l21vbw
@r_linux

HeidiSQL Available Also for Linux
https://www.heidisql.com/forum.php?t=44068

https://redd.it/1l25iat
@r_linux

I need your advice: LFCE or LPIC-3?

I’ve been working in Linux for many years (13 years already), I’m an senior level information and cybersecurity officer always hands-on and learning as I go. I never really thought about certifications before, but now I feel it could be beneficial to have something official to show for my experience.

I’m currently considering either the LFCE (Linux Foundation Certified Engineer) or LPIC-3. Both seem solid, but I’d love to hear from others in the field especially those who’ve taken one (or both).

I also thought about RHCE but as it’s literally vendor specific certificate I think that now I should choose between LFCE or LPIC-3

https://redd.it/1l25q5c
@r_linux

Linux 6.16 Will Now Conveniently Report Hard/Soft Lockups & RCU Stall Counts
https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.16-Hard-Soft-Lockups

https://redd.it/1l283jk
@r_linux

Want to make a self hosted email service for myself need to clear some doubts

So I want to make a self hosted email service for myself and I am new to Linux but atleast not at noob level. I want to do this because I like learning networking so experiments you can say. I prompted Gemini what knowledge should I have which he answered as this :

Building a self-hosted email service with open-source tools is a rewarding but complex endeavor. It requires a good understanding of Linux system administration, networking, and email protocols. Here's what you should learn and the key open-source tools to consider:
I. Core Concepts and Protocols:
Linux Fundamentals:
Command Line Interface (CLI): You'll be spending a lot of time in the terminal.
File System Navigation: Understanding where configuration files and mailboxes are stored.
Package Management: Installing and updating software (e.g., apt for Debian/Ubuntu, yum/dnf for CentOS/RHEL).
User and Group Management: Creating and managing mail users.
Service Management: Starting, stopping, and enabling services (e.g., systemd).
Networking Basics: IP addresses, ports, firewalls (ufw, firewalld).
Email Protocols:
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): For sending and receiving emails between servers. You'll need to understand how MTAs (Mail Transfer Agents) use this.
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): For clients to retrieve and manage emails on the server, keeping them synchronized across devices.
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3): For clients to download emails from the server, typically deleting them from the server after download. (Less common for modern use due to synchronization issues, but good to know).
DNS (Domain Name System):
MX (Mail Exchanger) Records: Crucial for directing incoming mail to your server.
A/AAAA Records: Mapping your domain to your server's IP address.
SPF (Sender Policy Framework): Helps prevent email spoofing by specifying which servers are authorized to send email on behalf of your domain.
DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail): Adds a digital signature to outgoing emails to verify the sender and ensure message integrity.
DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance): Builds on SPF and DKIM to provide instructions on how receiving servers should handle emails that fail authentication.
PTR (Pointer) Records / Reverse DNS: Maps an IP address back to a domain name, essential for outgoing mail to avoid being flagged as spam.
II. Essential Open-Source Tools/Software:
Operating System (OS):
Linux Distribution:
Ubuntu Server / Debian: Popular choices with large communities and extensive documentation.
CentOS / AlmaLinux / Rocky Linux: Enterprise-grade distributions, also very stable.
Proxmox Mail Gateway: (While not a full OS, it's a dedicated solution built on Debian that integrates many mail server components).
Mail Transfer Agent (MTA): (Handles sending and receiving mail between servers)
Postfix: Widely considered the most popular and robust MTA for Linux. It's highly configurable and secure.
Exim: Another powerful and flexible MTA, often preferred by some for its configurability.
Sendmail: An older but still active MTA, though generally more complex to configure than Postfix or Exim.
Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) / IMAP/POP3 Server: (Delivers mail to user mailboxes and allows clients to access them)
Dovecot: The de-facto standard for IMAP/POP3 services on Linux. It's highly performant, secure, and supports various authentication methods.
Cyrus IMAP: Another strong contender, often used in larger enterprise environments.
Webmail Interface (Optional but Recommended): (Allows users to access their email through a web browser)
Roundcube: A popular, modern, and feature-rich webmail client.
SOGo: A collaborative software suite that includes webmail, calendar, and contacts, often integrated with Dovecot.
RainLoop: A fast and modern webmail client.
Spam and Antivirus Filtering:

SpamAssassin: A powerful and widely used spam filtering system that integrates with your MTA.
ClamAV: An open-source antivirus engine for scanning emails for malware.
RBLs (Real-time Blackhole Lists): Services that list IP addresses known for sending spam, which your MTA can use to block incoming mail.
Greylisting: A technique that temporarily rejects mail from unknown senders, often deterring spammers.
Database (for user/domain management, etc.):
MariaDB/MySQL: Common choices for storing user accounts, domains, and other mail server configurations.
PostgreSQL: Another robust and powerful relational database.
OpenLDAP: For centralized user and authentication management, especially in larger setups.
Security Tools:
SSL/TLS Certificates (Let's Encrypt): Essential for encrypting communication between your mail server and clients/other mail servers. Let's Encrypt provides free, automated certificates.
Firewall (ufw, firewalld): To restrict access to necessary ports only.
Fail2Ban: Protects against brute-force attacks by temporarily banning IP addresses that show malicious activity.
DDoS Protection: Consider using a service or configuring your server to mitigate DDoS attacks.
III. Integrated Solutions (for easier setup):
While learning individual components is valuable, there are open-source projects that bundle many of these tools for a more streamlined setup:
Mailcow: Dockerized: A very popular all-in-one solution that uses Docker containers. It includes Postfix, Dovecot, Nginx, Roundcube, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and more, making deployment and management easier.
Modoboa: An open-source email server solution that aims to simplify setup and management with a user-friendly web interface.
iRedMail: Another popular full-featured mail server solution with a free, open-source edition. It integrates Postfix, Dovecot, Nginx, Roundcube, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and more.
Mail-in-a-Box: A complete email server package designed for simplicity and ease of use, with a focus on automatic configuration.
IV. What to Learn in Practice:
Choose a Linux Distribution: Start with Ubuntu Server or Debian, as they have extensive documentation and community support for mail server setups.
Basic Server Setup: Learn how to install the OS, configure networking, set up a firewall, and secure SSH access.
DNS Configuration: Understand how to manage DNS records (A, MX, SPF, DKIM, DMARC, PTR) at your domain registrar and on your server.
MTA Configuration (Postfix): Dive deep into main.cf and other configuration files to understand how mail flow works.
MDA/IMAP Configuration (Dovecot): Learn how to configure Dovecot for user authentication, mailbox formats (Maildir is recommended), and SSL/TLS.
Spam and Antivirus Integration: Set up SpamAssassin and ClamAV and integrate them with Postfix.
SSL/TLS with Let's Encrypt: Automate certificate renewal for secure connections.
Webmail Installation (Roundcube): Integrate it with your IMAP server and database.
Troubleshooting: Learn to read mail logs (e.g., /var/log/mail.log, /var/log/syslog) to diagnose issues.
Security Best Practices: Regularly update software, use strong passwords, and monitor your server for suspicious activity.
Important Considerations:
Dedicated IP Address: You will almost certainly need a dedicated static IP address from your VPS or hosting provider. Shared IP addresses are often blacklisted.
Reverse DNS (PTR Record): Ensure your hosting provider sets up a PTR record for your IP address that matches your mail server's hostname. This is critical for deliverability.
Sender Reputation: Even with correct setup, it takes time to build a good sender reputation. Initially, your emails might go to spam folders.
Maintenance: Self-hosting an email server requires ongoing maintenance, updates, and monitoring to ensure security and deliverability.
Starting with an integrated solution like Mailcow or iRedMail might be a good way to get a functional email server up quickly, and then you can dive into the

Want to make a self hosted email service for myself need to clear some doubts

So I want to make a self hosted email service for myself and I am new to Linux but atleast not at noob level. I want to do this because I like learning networking so experiments you can say. I prompted Gemini what knowledge should I have which he answered as this :

Building a self-hosted email service with open-source tools is a rewarding but complex endeavor. It requires a good understanding of Linux system administration, networking, and email protocols. Here's what you should learn and the key open-source tools to consider:
I. Core Concepts and Protocols:
* Linux Fundamentals:
* Command Line Interface (CLI): You'll be spending a lot of time in the terminal.
* File System Navigation: Understanding where configuration files and mailboxes are stored.
* Package Management: Installing and updating software (e.g., apt for Debian/Ubuntu, yum/dnf for CentOS/RHEL).
* User and Group Management: Creating and managing mail users.
* Service Management: Starting, stopping, and enabling services (e.g., systemd).
* Networking Basics: IP addresses, ports, firewalls (ufw, firewalld).
* Email Protocols:
* SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): For sending and receiving emails between servers. You'll need to understand how MTAs (Mail Transfer Agents) use this.
* IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): For clients to retrieve and manage emails on the server, keeping them synchronized across devices.
* POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3): For clients to download emails from the server, typically deleting them from the server after download. (Less common for modern use due to synchronization issues, but good to know).
* DNS (Domain Name System):
* MX (Mail Exchanger) Records: Crucial for directing incoming mail to your server.
* A/AAAA Records: Mapping your domain to your server's IP address.
* SPF (Sender Policy Framework): Helps prevent email spoofing by specifying which servers are authorized to send email on behalf of your domain.
* DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail): Adds a digital signature to outgoing emails to verify the sender and ensure message integrity.
* DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance): Builds on SPF and DKIM to provide instructions on how receiving servers should handle emails that fail authentication.
* PTR (Pointer) Records / Reverse DNS: Maps an IP address back to a domain name, essential for outgoing mail to avoid being flagged as spam.
II. Essential Open-Source Tools/Software:
* Operating System (OS):
* Linux Distribution:
* Ubuntu Server / Debian: Popular choices with large communities and extensive documentation.
* CentOS / AlmaLinux / Rocky Linux: Enterprise-grade distributions, also very stable.
* Proxmox Mail Gateway: (While not a full OS, it's a dedicated solution built on Debian that integrates many mail server components).
* Mail Transfer Agent (MTA): (Handles sending and receiving mail between servers)
* Postfix: Widely considered the most popular and robust MTA for Linux. It's highly configurable and secure.
* Exim: Another powerful and flexible MTA, often preferred by some for its configurability.
* Sendmail: An older but still active MTA, though generally more complex to configure than Postfix or Exim.
* Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) / IMAP/POP3 Server: (Delivers mail to user mailboxes and allows clients to access them)
* Dovecot: The de-facto standard for IMAP/POP3 services on Linux. It's highly performant, secure, and supports various authentication methods.
* Cyrus IMAP: Another strong contender, often used in larger enterprise environments.
* Webmail Interface (Optional but Recommended): (Allows users to access their email through a web browser)
* Roundcube: A popular, modern, and feature-rich webmail client.
* SOGo: A collaborative software suite that includes webmail, calendar, and contacts, often integrated with Dovecot.
* RainLoop: A fast and modern webmail client.
* Spam and Antivirus Filtering:
*

SpamAssassin: A powerful and widely used spam filtering system that integrates with your MTA.
* ClamAV: An open-source antivirus engine for scanning emails for malware.
* RBLs (Real-time Blackhole Lists): Services that list IP addresses known for sending spam, which your MTA can use to block incoming mail.
* Greylisting: A technique that temporarily rejects mail from unknown senders, often deterring spammers.
* Database (for user/domain management, etc.):
* MariaDB/MySQL: Common choices for storing user accounts, domains, and other mail server configurations.
* PostgreSQL: Another robust and powerful relational database.
* OpenLDAP: For centralized user and authentication management, especially in larger setups.
* Security Tools:
* SSL/TLS Certificates (Let's Encrypt): Essential for encrypting communication between your mail server and clients/other mail servers. Let's Encrypt provides free, automated certificates.
* Firewall (ufw, firewalld): To restrict access to necessary ports only.
* Fail2Ban: Protects against brute-force attacks by temporarily banning IP addresses that show malicious activity.
* DDoS Protection: Consider using a service or configuring your server to mitigate DDoS attacks.
III. Integrated Solutions (for easier setup):
While learning individual components is valuable, there are open-source projects that bundle many of these tools for a more streamlined setup:
* Mailcow: Dockerized: A very popular all-in-one solution that uses Docker containers. It includes Postfix, Dovecot, Nginx, Roundcube, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and more, making deployment and management easier.
* Modoboa: An open-source email server solution that aims to simplify setup and management with a user-friendly web interface.
* iRedMail: Another popular full-featured mail server solution with a free, open-source edition. It integrates Postfix, Dovecot, Nginx, Roundcube, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and more.
* Mail-in-a-Box: A complete email server package designed for simplicity and ease of use, with a focus on automatic configuration.
IV. What to Learn in Practice:
* Choose a Linux Distribution: Start with Ubuntu Server or Debian, as they have extensive documentation and community support for mail server setups.
* Basic Server Setup: Learn how to install the OS, configure networking, set up a firewall, and secure SSH access.
* DNS Configuration: Understand how to manage DNS records (A, MX, SPF, DKIM, DMARC, PTR) at your domain registrar and on your server.
* MTA Configuration (Postfix): Dive deep into main.cf and other configuration files to understand how mail flow works.
* MDA/IMAP Configuration (Dovecot): Learn how to configure Dovecot for user authentication, mailbox formats (Maildir is recommended), and SSL/TLS.
* Spam and Antivirus Integration: Set up SpamAssassin and ClamAV and integrate them with Postfix.
* SSL/TLS with Let's Encrypt: Automate certificate renewal for secure connections.
* Webmail Installation (Roundcube): Integrate it with your IMAP server and database.
* Troubleshooting: Learn to read mail logs (e.g., /var/log/mail.log, /var/log/syslog) to diagnose issues.
* Security Best Practices: Regularly update software, use strong passwords, and monitor your server for suspicious activity.
Important Considerations:
* Dedicated IP Address: You will almost certainly need a dedicated static IP address from your VPS or hosting provider. Shared IP addresses are often blacklisted.
* Reverse DNS (PTR Record): Ensure your hosting provider sets up a PTR record for your IP address that matches your mail server's hostname. This is critical for deliverability.
* Sender Reputation: Even with correct setup, it takes time to build a good sender reputation. Initially, your emails might go to spam folders.
* Maintenance: Self-hosting an email server requires ongoing maintenance, updates, and monitoring to ensure security and deliverability.
Starting with an integrated solution like Mailcow or iRedMail might be a good way to get a functional email server up quickly, and then you can dive into the

individual components to understand how they work. Good luck!

Then I asked him about books for them which he answered as

You're embarking on an ambitious and valuable project! Building a self-hosted email service is a deep dive into Linux, networking, and system administration. Finding one comprehensive book that covers every single open-source tool and concept you'll need is difficult, as the field is vast and constantly evolving.
Instead, I'll suggest a combination of books that cover the fundamental concepts and key tools, along with advice on where to find the most up-to-date information, which is often online documentation and community forums for specific open-source projects.
Here are book suggestions for each area:
I. Core Concepts and Protocols:
* Linux Fundamentals:
* Book: How Linux Works, 3rd Edition: What Every Superuser Should Know by Brian Ward
* Why: This book is excellent for understanding the underlying principles of Linux – how the kernel works, processes, networking, filesystems, and more. It's not a "how-to" for specific commands, but rather a conceptual guide that will significantly deepen your understanding, which is crucial for troubleshooting and advanced configuration.
* Alternative/Complementary: Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting Bible by Richard Blum and Christine Bresnahan
* Why: If you need more hands-on practical guides for the CLI and noscripting, this is a very comprehensive resource.
* Networking & Email Protocols (SMTP, IMAP, POP3, DNS):
* Book (for general networking): CompTIA Network+ Study Guide: Exam N10-008 by Todd Lammle
* Why: While geared towards certification, this book provides a solid foundation in networking concepts, including TCP/IP, DNS, ports, protocols (including email-related ones), and network security. You don't need to pursue the certification, but the content is highly relevant.
* Book (for deeper protocol understanding): Internetworking with TCP/IP Vol. I: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture by Douglas E. Comer
* Why: This is a classic academic text that provides a thorough understanding of the TCP/IP suite, including how applications like email clients and servers interact using protocols. It's dense but invaluable for a deep dive.
* For DNS Specifics: While there are books on DNS, much of the practical, up-to-date information on SPF, DKIM, and DMARC is best found in online resources, RFCs, and specialized articles, as these standards evolve. Look for official documentation from organizations like the M3AAWG (Messaging, Malware and Mobile Anti-Abuse Working Group).
II. Essential Open-Source Tools/Software (Specifics):
Finding dedicated, up-to-date books for every single open-source project is challenging due to their rapid development cycles. However, you can find excellent resources for the major components:
* Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) - Postfix:
* Book: The Book of Postfix: State-of-the-Art Message Transport by Ralf Hildebrandt and Patrick Koetter
* Why: This is considered the definitive guide to Postfix. It covers everything from basic setup to advanced features, security, and troubleshooting. It might be slightly older but the core concepts and configuration syntax remain highly relevant.
* Crucial Complement: The official Postfix documentation (postfix.org/documentation.html) is incredibly detailed and always up-to-date.
* Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) / IMAP/POP3 Server - Dovecot:
* Book: Dedicated books on Dovecot are less common.
* Crucial Resource: The official Dovecot documentation (wiki.dovecot.org) is exceptionally comprehensive, well-organized, and frequently updated. This is your primary resource for learning and configuring Dovecot. It covers installation, configuration, authentication, SSL/TLS, and integration with various storage backends.
* Webmail Interface - Roundcube / SOGo / RainLoop:
* Book: Books specifically for these webmail clients are rare.
* Crucial Resource: Their official documentation is the best place to learn about installation, configuration, and integration.

They are generally simpler to set up compared to MTAs/MDAs.
* Spam and Antivirus Filtering - SpamAssassin & ClamAV:
* Book: Dedicated books are uncommon.
* Crucial Resource: The official documentation and wiki pages for SpamAssassin (spamassassin.apache.org) and ClamAV (www.clamav.net) are your primary resources. They detail installation, configuration, rule sets, and integration with your MTA.
* Database (MariaDB/MySQL/PostgreSQL):
* Book (MariaDB/MySQL): MySQL for Developers: A Guide to Learning the SQL Database Language by Larry Ullman
* Why: This book provides a solid foundation in SQL and database administration relevant to MySQL/MariaDB. You'll need to understand how to create databases, users, and tables to store mail server data.
* Book (PostgreSQL): PostgreSQL 14 Administration Cookbook by Simon Riggs and Gianni Ciolli
* Why: If you choose PostgreSQL, this cookbook-style book offers practical recipes for administration tasks.
* Security Tools (SSL/TLS, Firewall, Fail2Ban):
* Book (General Linux Security): Linux Security Cookbook by Daniel J. Barrett, Richard E. Silverman, and Robert G. Byrnes
* Why: This book provides practical recipes and advice for securing a Linux system, including firewall configuration, system hardening, and understanding common vulnerabilities.
* For Let's Encrypt: The official Certbot documentation (certbot.eff.org) is the best and most up-to-date guide for obtaining and managing Let's Encrypt certificates.
* For Fail2Ban: The official Fail2Ban documentation and man pages are sufficient for learning its configuration.
General Advice on Learning:
* Start with Fundamentals: Don't skip the Linux and networking basics. A strong foundation here will save you immense headaches later.
* Official Documentation is Gold: For open-source projects, the project's official documentation, wikis, and community forums are often more current and authoritative than any single book.
* Hands-on Practice: Set up a virtual machine (using VirtualBox, KVM, or a cloud VPS) and experiment. Break things, fix them, and learn from your mistakes.
* Follow Tutorials (Critically): Many excellent online tutorials exist. Use them as a starting point, but always try to understand why each step is performed and refer back to official documentation.
* Community Forums: When you encounter specific problems, search and ask questions in relevant forums (e.g., Postfix mailing lists, Dovecot forums, Linux user groups).
Building a self-hosted email server is a significant undertaking, but incredibly educational. Good luck!

So I want to know if all these books are necessary because it will take me forever
And if no please guide me in this journey
Thank you



https://redd.it/1l2d8up
@r_linux

How come it can be such a pain in the ass to install some apps when they all have a native android version which is just linux?

I just got a steam deck and was looking in to installing netflix and such and found a couple of videos but in every one of them had people in the comments were having issues or it wasnt working at all for them.

Im sure it's possible but the process isn't that simple. Bht how come? Dont they all just have native linux versions already on android?

https://redd.it/1l2esns
@r_linux

How is wayland on Nvidia cards in 2025?

In your experience what is the performance difference between X11 and Wayland in 2025? I've used KDE Plasma in the past on an AMD laptop and have really enjoyed it, but I want to get into tiling WMs (and I have an Nvidia desktop now, currently running windows). An obvious choice is Hyprland (for the ricing), but ive heard that wayland hasn't been kindest to Nvidia cards in the past.

The Nvidia performance drop-off from windows to linux is already pretty rough (from what ive seen), so if wayland only amplifies that I think ill hold off the switch for now.

https://redd.it/1l2g6ni
@r_linux

Tux Video from 2018
https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1195554580713459743/1379183536094838947/gahsheh.mp4?ex=683ff902&is=683ea782&hm=b0acbdfe1b45a096b7871a432f47ef008091f0a07305be87c00c31f8e2aa33e4&

https://redd.it/1l2jhi5
@r_linux

Ubuntu pre-installed Laptop

Hi folks,

For a new project at work, I am advised to get a laptop with Ubuntu. I do not have the patience to install an OS so I am looking for one with Ubuntu pre-installed. I have some level of knowledge on hardware and software but it has been a long while since I last had an interest at the market. Recently I have little to none patience / attention span to read and digest what I read. (Under too much stress lately and dealing with a lot of anxiety.) I do not want to take the pen and paper to write down possible options and make a comparison list. Hence I come to ask for your help on this.


Considering that this laptop will be used for basic work stuff (very likely that none to very little coding) what would be your suggestion? I don't want to buy a used or second hand one but I am open for buying a refurbished item from the original seller. I had a look at the brands that sells laptops with re-installed Ubuntu and I have a slight inclination towards Dell rather than Lenovo but if I am open for all suggestions. If I can find something silent, light and cool, I will be the happiest!


TIA!

https://redd.it/1l2jf3b
@r_linux

LinuxToys - a multitool/installer with an extra punch

https://preview.redd.it/mqyxw02gas4f1.png?width=779&format=png&auto=webp&s=b6bae6a14178403ca8c320efa2522fc65c1fb2bd

I've been hard at work lately developing an application to simplify migrating to Linux from basic users, to gamers and developers, and now I feel like it's the time to finally bring it over here to everyone. You can find it here, and quickly install it using the proper package for your system. It is available as .deb and .rpm packages and a PKGBUILD and .install coupling for Arch-based distros.

Features

\- Allows batch-installing many common applications, fast tracking post install.
\- Includes tweaks to some of them tailored for newbies, like Steam installing both native and flatpak versions as there are games that only work properly in one or the other, and making them show up in applications menu separately.
\- Also includes fixes to many common problems, like audio crackling on OBS Studio - for which my installation process includes the Pipewire Audio Capture plugin, allowing to get audio I/O from Pipewire and not having Pulse-related issues.
\- Streamlines installation procedures for many developer tools that otherwise have very convoluted installations, and for DaVinci Resolve for creators.
\- Includes many tweaks, some of my own design, like the shader booster for increasing maximum shader cache sizes for any GPU and fixing stutters, in the Extras section.
\- The Extras section also has installers for the CachyOS optimized kernel - for Debian/Ubuntu I advise caution since it's a bit experimental; while it works very well on my Debian Testing, it might not work everywhere with the default settings of the compiler; I do recommend, however, sticking to the default version choice if you like more stability, since that one is handpicked by me for the smoothest experience. If you choose to do so, opening LinuxToys will also check if I rolled an update to the kernel version, keeping it easy to keep track of things.
\- It also has an installer for Nvidia GPU drivers (both latest and 470 for Kepler cards) for Fedora and OpenSUSE, and a couple things that OpenSUSE users may find handy - media codecs and SELinux setup for gaming.

Despite the screenshot being in portuguese (since that's my language) it has an english version - and if anyone wanna contribute with translations, it will be really appreciated; there are clear instructions to do so in the GitHub repo's readme. It's always being improved upon by me and receiving new features.

Hope you find it useful and convenient!

https://redd.it/1l2p1az
@r_linux

Is there a way to get fortnite to run on Linux?

What's up, im using windows 11 pro rn and I'm low-key tired of how crap it is, I mainly play fortnite and forza on my PC, is there a way to get those games to run under da penguin?

Please and thank you

https://redd.it/1l2qfdn
@r_linux

[OC] How I discovered that Bill Gates monopolized ACPI in order to break Linux
https://enaix.github.io/2025/06/03/acpi-conspiracy.html

https://redd.it/1l2rn3t
@r_linux

How do you break a Linux system?

In the spirit of disaster testing and learning how to diagnose and recover, it'd be useful to find out what things can cause a Linux install to become broken.

Broken can mean different things of course, from unbootable to unpredictable errors, and system could mean a headless server or desktop.

I don't mean obvious stuff like 'rm -rf /*' etc and I don't mean security vulnerabilities or CVEs. I mean mistakes a user or app can make. What are the most critical points, are all of them protected by default?

https://redd.it/1l2tjjm
@r_linux

What makes Deepin Linux better and rendering my native language Urdu compared to any other Linux distribution?

So I have been using Linux since the early days of Unity desktop. Over the years, I have tried many Linux distributions i.e. Ubuntu based, Debian based, Fedora based, Arch based and many independent Linux distros. Currently I am using Solus and it works great but the Urdu characters look horrible. Individually, these characters may look just fine but Urdu characters are connected when typed without spaces. That is where the words made from Urdu characters start to look bad.

I have tried to work with Urdu on all Linux distributions that I have used but apparently only Deepin seems to be rendering Urdu almost perfectly. It does have some issues here and there but those issues are ignorable. While the same cannot be said for other Linux distributions. I have tried changing fonts on Ubuntu, Fedora and OpenSUSE but doing so does not make this issue go away. Microsoft Windows has perfect support for Urdu language and Urdu characters are rendered perfectly.

In LibreOffice, we have to activate the support for complex languages before adding Urdu support. Only then Urdu start to look as good as it does on Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office. I mentioned this here to ask whether there is something specific to install in Linux for enabling good support for Urdu language. If not and if only changing font is an option, then please suggest some good fonts for my Solus OS KDE to make Urdu characters look good on this Linux distribution.

https://redd.it/1l2xrgd
@r_linux

Any multiboot USB alternative to ventoy on Flathub?

Hi,

I have been using venoty for multiple years and every some time it disappears from boot menu and I need to install it again.

So, is there any alternative but I can install it from Flathub (Or snap maybe)? I am using Fedora and prefer using installed apps not extracted compressed files.

Thanks in advance.

https://redd.it/1l321uo
@r_linux