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The Catholic Church was no passive bystander in the European (or so-called ‘transatlantic’) slave trade. In fact, it laid down the (divine) law that paved the way for conquest. Moreover, it took a cut on every African captive and ran slave plantations across the Americas. In more recent times, there have been a few muted apologies - but nothing substantial in terms of reparations. Our Facts of the Week reveal Rome’s hidden hand, tracing how doctrines of conquest became doctrines of exploitation.
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Sources
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bull-papal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_papal_bulls

https://www.facechangealliance.com/dumdiversas

https://globalhealth.emory.edu/_includes/documents/unsettling-truths_chapter-1.pdf

https://www.searchablemuseum.com/papal-bulls/

https://www.papalencyclicals.net/nichol05/romanus-pontifex.htm

https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/8aa95306-9256-443f-9e89-de5871874288/external_content.pdf

https://slaverylawpower.org/chapters/antecedents/romanus-pontifex/

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/nativevoices/timeline/171.html

https://archive.org/details/inter-caetera-papal-encyclicals-1493

https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/treaty-tordesillas

https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/21/543/

https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1169&context=shlr

https://revolution.chnm.org/d/335

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_Noir

https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2011/01/slavery-in-the-french-colonies/

https://slaverylawpower.org/nhprc-sample-documents/barbados-slave-code/

http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/18880/1/114.pdf

https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/8aa95306-9256-443f-9e89-de5871874288/external_content.pdf

https://san.beck.org/9-5-Spain&Portugal.html

https://www.savemyexams.com/gcse/history/aqa/16/aqa-british-depth-study/revision-notes/elizabethan-england-c1568-1603/troubles-home-abroad/conflict-spain/

https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/02/22/Pope-asks-forgiveness-for-slave-trade/8666698734800/

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/21/caribbean-leaders-slavery-reparations
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SOUTH AFRICA IS PROUD FOR STANDING AGAINST IMPERIALISM

When South Africa opened a case against Israel at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on 29 December 2023, accusing Israel of committing acts of g*nocide in the Gaza Strip since 7 October 2023, the US opposed the case and continued its political and military support for Israel. South Africa says Israel has violated the 1948 UN Genocide Convention.

On 23 January 2025, South Africa's land expropriation law was signed by President Cyril Ramaphosa, allowing for limited cases of land expropriation to remedy the inequity that remains decades after dismantling apartheid.
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