Continued…..Sources

https://jimcrowmuseum.ferris.edu/timeline/jimcrow.htm

https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/understanding-jim-crow-setting-setting

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/freedom-riders-jim-crow-laws/

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/jim-crow-era

https://jimcrowmuseum.ferris.edu/what.htm

https://library.law.howard.edu/civilrightshistory/blackrights/jimcrow

https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/eras/civil-war-reconstruction/jim-crow-laws-andracial-segregation/

https://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/1-segregated/jim-crow.html

https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/jim-crow-segregation/

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/black-codes-and-jim-crow-laws

https://www.oregonhistoryproject.org/articles/historical-records/act-to-prohibit-the-intermarriage-of-races-1866

PIETER KRIEL: POLITICAL FREEDOM WITHOUT ECONOMIC POWER IS A SCAM

In this clip, author and activist Pieter Kriel describes South Africa’s democracy as a ceasefire rather than a peace, and he is not mistaken. 

Despite Black South Africans holding political power since 1994, they have remained systematically locked out of the country’s white-controlled economic engine.

The African National Congress (ANC), the party that led the way to South Africa’s independence from white rule, ascended to power with promises based on the Freedom Charter, which called for land reform and equal rights. However, under pressure from foreign actors, including the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, the ANC government welcomed free trade and privatisation. It also introduced a ‘willing buyer, willing seller’ policy that restricted land reform.

Continued……As of 2022, white settlers owned 72 per cent of private agricultural land, and according to the World Bank, South Africa is the world’s most unequal country. Just as Kriel explains, Black townships are still crowded, schools are underfinanced, and youth unemployment stands at 45.5 per cent, based on a 2024 report done by the Department of Statistics South Africa. Meanwhile, predominantly white suburbs are retrofitted with electric fences as hunger drives protests amongst working-class communities.

Throughout the continent, liberation movements have taken control only to discover that they inherited colonial economies built to extract, not develop. From Nigeria’s oil wealth, which has not benefited most Nigerians, to Kenya’s colonial land grabbing, most postcolonial African states remain in economic bondage.

Until Africans reclaim land, labour, and capital, any claim of freedom is token.

Video credit: @pieterkrielorg (X)

Sources

https://pip.worldbank.org/country-profiles/ZAF

https://www.anc1912.org.za/the-freedom-charter-2/


https://www.reuters.com/graphics/SAFRICA-ELECTION/ECONOMY/egpbonzrgvq/

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099125003072240961/pdf/P1649270b73f1f0b5093fb0e644d33bc6f1.pdf

https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201802/landauditreport13feb2018.pdf

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-29/whites-own-73-of-south-africa-s-farming-land-city-press-says

https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=17266

https://www.statista.com/topics/6914/oil-industry-in-nigeria/#:~:text=With%2015%20operating%20pipelines%20and,the%20value%20of%20all%20exports.
https://mokoro.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/pol_econ_land_reform_sa.pdf

Continued…….Sources

https://isd.gov.gh/ghanas-economy-shows-strong-recovery-as-inflation-drops-to-21-2/

https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/ghanas-economic-recovery-continues-thanks-to-the-worlds-best-currency/49kk2x8

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-05-07/world-s-best-currency-subdues-ghana-inflation-to-eight-month-low

https://thevoiceofafrica.com/2025/06/02/ghanas-cedi-becomes-worlds-best-performing-currency-in-2025/

https://wadr.org/world-bank-warns-ghana-against-early-return-to-capital-markets/

https://archive.ph/pgDIn


https://african.business/2025/05/long-reads/ghana-eyes-greater-share-of-gold-revenues-amid-bull-market

https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/Ghana-made-2-7-billion-from-Goldbod-in-four-months-President-Mahama-1986383

https://isd.gov.gh/gold-board-generates-2-7-billion-in-four-months-as-government-shifts-mining-strategy/


https://www.johnmahama.org/files/shares/FAQs-on-Mahamas-24-hour-strategy.pdf

https://presidency.gov.gh/ghana-is-safe-president-satisfied-with-plans-to-roll-out-24-hour-economy/

https://www.graphic.com.gh/features/opinion/ghana-news-implementing-mahamas-24-hour-economy-goals-expected-results-foundation.html

https://african.business/2025/01/trade-investment/mahama-plans-launch-of-ghanas-24-hour-economy


https://archive.ph/uJcvk

https://westafricaweekly.com/ghana-president-mahama-appoints-special-envoy-to-aes-strengthens-ties-amid-tension-with-ecowas/

https://africa.dailynewsegypt.com/ghana-burkina-faso-sign-energy-security-deals-as-mahama-concludes-sahel-tour/

Continued…….Sources

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2qke0xkrdo

https://au.int/en/recs/eccas#:~:text=African%20States%20(ECCAS)-,Economic%20Community%20of%20Central%20African%20States%20(ECCAS),Economic%20Communities%20in%20October%201999).
https://www.dw.com/en/rwanda-quits-central-african-bloc-in-dispute-with-dr-congo/a-72834337#:~:text=Rwanda%20was%20blocked%20Saturday%20from,a%20Central%20African%20economic%20bloc.&text=Rwanda%20Sunday%20announced%20it%20was,its%20troops%20from%20Congolese%20soil.%22
https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/violence-democratic-republic-congo

https://www.reuters.com/article/world/exclusive-rwanda-uganda-arming-congo-rebels-providing-troops-un-panel-idUSBRE89F1RR/#:~:text=The%20Group%20of%20Experts%20said,and%20as%20commanders'%20wives.%22
https://www.dw.com/en/rwanda-quits-central-african-bloc-in-dispute-with-dr-congo/a-72834337#:~:text=Rwanda%20was%20blocked%20Saturday%20from,a%20Central%20African%20economic%20bloc.&text=Rwanda%20Sunday%20announced%20it%20was,its%20troops%20from%20Congolese%20soil.%22
https://von.gov.ng/rwanda-leaves-central-african-bloc-after-leadership-snub/#:~:text=It%20remains%20unclear%20whether%20Rwanda's,regional%20diplomacy%20and%20security%20coordination

http://web.sabc.co.za/sabc/home/channelafrica/news/details?id=24c8a75f-739c-403c-9dcb-22b3bc9768a6&noscript=Rwanda%20exit%20from%20ECCAS%C2%A0exposes%20regional%20political%20divisions:%20Analyst#:~:text=Rwanda's%20recent%20exit%20from%20the%20Economic%20Community,states%20prioritise%20national%20interests%20over%20collective%20principles.&text=Speaking%20from%20Kigali%2C%20Golooba%2DMutebi%20argued%20that%20Rwanda's,Congo%20(DRC)%20to%20frustrate%20Kigali's%20regional%20ambitions
https://au.int/en/recs/eccas#:~:text=History%20and%20Background,(ECOSOC)%20in%20June%201999

https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/rwanda-quits-central-african-bloc-in-dispute-with-congo-5073846

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2qke0xkrdo

STUNNING: POLICE SHOOT WOMAN DURING LOS ANGELES UPRISING

A US police officer was caught on camera shooting a woman in Los Angeles at close range during a days-long uprising against US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids in migrant communities.

Police shot rubber-coated bullets, which has maimed and k*lled people in the past. However, no information is available on the shot woman.

Citizen journalist Alexandria Alott, who had been documenting events in the city following days of widespread protests and state-inflicted violence, filmed the 10 June incident. 

More than 33 per cent of people in the Los Angeles metropolitan area were born outside the United States, according to the US-based think tank Vera Institute. While US President Donald Trump hasn’t deported the most migrants amongst US presidents, his rhetoric has sparked dread in their neighbourhoods.