They were genetically closest to modern West Siberians, but still quite distant due to having higher ANE-rich ancestry (WSHG + EHG) and slight Bronze Age Eastern European admixture
Here are the results of the Levänluhta lake burial samples from Western Finland.
These are the best representatives for early Finnic speakers in Europe. Unfortunately, the soil in Finland is notoriously bad for preserving ancient DNA so we don’t have any other samples to test. We also don’t have any Y-DNA information for these samples…
They were very genetically similar to modern Sámi at a distance of 0.017
These are the best representatives for early Finnic speakers in Europe. Unfortunately, the soil in Finland is notoriously bad for preserving ancient DNA so we don’t have any other samples to test. We also don’t have any Y-DNA information for these samples…
They were very genetically similar to modern Sámi at a distance of 0.017
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Thanks to the Beaker Lady for sharing my calcs!
Apologies that I’ve been inactive here. I’m much more active over on Instagram, consider following there if you don’t already
https://instagram.com/waters_of_memory?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
Apologies that I’ve been inactive here. I’m much more active over on Instagram, consider following there if you don’t already
https://instagram.com/waters_of_memory?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
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Next topic we will be discussing will be Paleolithic Europeans (Aurignacians, Gravettians, Fournol). Keep an eye out for new maps
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Reconstruction of a Proto-Gravettian from the Sunghir site. All of the samples were found to belong to Y-DNA C1a which was very common in Paleolithic Europe. This lineage was mostly erased by the later WHG expansion who completely replaced the Gravettian and Aurignacian derived groups around 10,000 ybp
(Credit to Ancestral Whispers for the recon)
(Credit to Ancestral Whispers for the recon)
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It was brought to my attention the limitations of viewing Instagram posts for people who aren’t on the platform. Going forward all posts will be shared here as well, with captions
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PALEOLITHIC EUROPEANS (1/4)
Proto-Gravettians:
The Proto-Gravettians are represented by two sites in modern day Western Russia, Sunghir and Kostenki, and one in Crimea, Buran Kaya. The samples are dated between 30-36,000 ybp and represent the ancestors to the Gravettian culture. They would eventually migrate westward and displace the Aurignacians in most of Europe. Later Gravettian samples such as Vestonice (Czechia), Krems (Austria) , and Ostuni (Italy) were found to have derived most, or all, of their ancestry from the Proto-Gravettians. This is in contrast to the earlier inhabitants of Europe who showed ancestry related to GoyetQ116-1 (Aurignacian). Like most other Paleolithic Europeans, they mostly belonged to Y-haplogroup C1a and different types of mtDNA U.
The reconstruction shown here is of Sunghir1 and dated to ~33,000 bp. He was found to have a height of 178 cm (5'10) and is likely to have been very muscular based upon wear patterns on his clavicles. Credit to Ancestral Whispers for the recon
Proto-Gravettians:
The Proto-Gravettians are represented by two sites in modern day Western Russia, Sunghir and Kostenki, and one in Crimea, Buran Kaya. The samples are dated between 30-36,000 ybp and represent the ancestors to the Gravettian culture. They would eventually migrate westward and displace the Aurignacians in most of Europe. Later Gravettian samples such as Vestonice (Czechia), Krems (Austria) , and Ostuni (Italy) were found to have derived most, or all, of their ancestry from the Proto-Gravettians. This is in contrast to the earlier inhabitants of Europe who showed ancestry related to GoyetQ116-1 (Aurignacian). Like most other Paleolithic Europeans, they mostly belonged to Y-haplogroup C1a and different types of mtDNA U.
The reconstruction shown here is of Sunghir1 and dated to ~33,000 bp. He was found to have a height of 178 cm (5'10) and is likely to have been very muscular based upon wear patterns on his clavicles. Credit to Ancestral Whispers for the recon
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Genetic distance to Cimmerians 🐴
The Cimmerians were an Eastern Iranian group that inhabited the Caspian steppe during the early Iron Age. They, like the related Scythians, were an Andronovo descended group that migrated westwards into Eastern Europe. They did so at the expense of the late Catacomb culture, who they appear to have mixed with and replaced over time. This is why they show even higher levels of Steppe ancestry than their Andronovo ancestors. Eventually they would be pushed from the steppes by westward migrating Scythians around the 720’s BC. They would migrate southwards into the Caucasus, from where they would launch several invasions of Western Asia including Urartu, Assyria, and parts of Anatolia. Despite this, they don’t appear to have mixed with the locals and remained a seperate nomadic group until they faded from history around 600 BC.
Haplogroups found among them include R1a and Q1a.
The Cimmerians were an Eastern Iranian group that inhabited the Caspian steppe during the early Iron Age. They, like the related Scythians, were an Andronovo descended group that migrated westwards into Eastern Europe. They did so at the expense of the late Catacomb culture, who they appear to have mixed with and replaced over time. This is why they show even higher levels of Steppe ancestry than their Andronovo ancestors. Eventually they would be pushed from the steppes by westward migrating Scythians around the 720’s BC. They would migrate southwards into the Caucasus, from where they would launch several invasions of Western Asia including Urartu, Assyria, and parts of Anatolia. Despite this, they don’t appear to have mixed with the locals and remained a seperate nomadic group until they faded from history around 600 BC.
Haplogroups found among them include R1a and Q1a.
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Colorized Fatyanovo reconstructions from @sovelios on Twitter
You can find my previous post on the Fatyanovo culture here:
https://www.instagram.com/p/Ck97LB9NIIR/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
You can find my previous post on the Fatyanovo culture here:
https://www.instagram.com/p/Ck97LB9NIIR/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
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Art depicting a warrior of the Tagar culture
Previous post on the Tagar:
https://www.instagram.com/p/CqrvFbuOYyG/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
Previous post on the Tagar:
https://www.instagram.com/p/CqrvFbuOYyG/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=
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Made some updates to the Paleolithic calculator. Now it should more accurately pick up Dzudzuana from all sources, rather than just from CHG. It’s still a work in progress, but I think this model is pretty good:
https://justpaste.it/a73x4
Share your results!
https://justpaste.it/a73x4
Share your results!
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